Raccoon and raccoon dog (tanuki) are very different species. Their family tree diverged at Arctoidea/Canidae with Arctoidea including raccoons, bears, seals, and Canidae including dogs, foxes, tanukis. So, e.g. raccoons are closer to seals than to tanukis.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canidae

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctoidea

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caniformia#Phylogeny